Question 1

What is Amniocentesis? Mention the statutory reason for its ban in India.

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis is a fetal sex-determination and prenatal diagnostic technique used to detect chromosomal abnormalities in an unborn fetus by analyzing the amniotic fluid. A statutory ban was imposed on amniocentesis in India because this technique was being widely misused for sex determination of the

Question 2

Define Reproductive Health according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), reproductive health refers to a total state of complete physical, emotional, behavioral, and social well-being in all aspects related to the reproductive system. It does not merely mean the absence of disease or infirmity, but implies that individual

Question 3

What is Saheli? State its key features as a contraceptive pill.

Accepted Answer

Saheli is an oral contraceptive pill for females developed by scientists at the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) in Lucknow, India. It is a non-steroidal preparation containing centchroman. It is taken once a week after initial dosage and has very few side effects with extremely high contracep

Question 4

What are Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)? Name their three main categories with examples.

Accepted Answer

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) are effective contraceptive devices inserted by doctors or expert nurses into the uterus through the vagina. They are classified into three categories: non-medicated IUDs (e.g., Lippes loop), copper-releasing IUDs (e.g., CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375), and hormone-releasing IUD

Question 5

How do copper-releasing IUDs act as effective contraceptives in females?

Accepted Answer

Copper-releasing Intrauterine Devices, such as CuT, Cu7, and Multiload 375, are placed inside the uterine cavity. They release copper ions ($Cu^{2+}$) continuously into the uterus. These released copper ions suppress the motility and fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. Additionally, IUDs increase p