NCERT · Class 12 · Biology · Reproductive HealthWhat are the major objectives of reproductive health programmes in India? Explain any two.

Reproductive health programmes, popularly known as 'Family Planning' programmes, were initiated in India in 1951 and were periodically assessed over the years. The major objectives of these programmes are: 1. Creating awareness among people about various reproduction-related aspects and providing facilities and support for building a reproductively healthy society. 2. Educating people, especially expert couples of marriageable age, about available birth control methods, care of pregnant women, postnatal care of mother and child, and the importance of breast-feeding. Let us elaborate on two major objectives in detail: First, creating awareness among the masses about reproduction-related aspects is fundamental. Due to social stigmas, taboo subjects regarding reproductive organs, adolescent changes, STIs, and safe sex practices are often ignored. By removing these misconceptions and imparting sex education in schools, youth can lead a safe and healthy reproductive life. Second, educating people about available birth control methods helps in population stabilization and maternal-infant health. Uncontrolled population growth strains natural resources and national economy, while closely spaced pregnancies harm mother and child health. Therefore, spreading awareness about temporary and permanent contraceptive methods ensures small, healthy families and reduces maternal mortality rates significantly.