Question 1

What is microsporogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Microsporogenesis is the biological process of formation of microspores from a pollen mother cell (PMC) through the process of meiosis. Within the microsporangium or pollen sac, each cell of the sporogenous tissue undergoes meiotic divisions to form a tetrad of four haploid microspores. These micros

Question 2

Define megasporogenesis.

Accepted Answer

Megasporogenesis is defined as the process of formation of megaspores from the megaspore mother cell (MMC) via meiotic division. In angiosperms, a single megaspore mother cell differentiates in the micropylar region of the nucellus inside the ovule. This diploid cell undergoes meiosis, resulting in

Question 3

What is the function of the tapetum in anthers?

Accepted Answer

The tapetum is the innermost nutritive layer of the microsporangium wall in angiosperm anthers. Its primary function is to provide essential nourishment to the developing microspore mother cells and growing pollen grains. Furthermore, tapetal cells secrete sporopollenin, a highly resistant organic m

Question 4

What is chasmogamous flowers? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

Chasmogamous flowers are those open flowers in which the floral organs, namely the sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, remain fully exposed to the external environment. This structural arrangement allows both self-pollination and cross-pollination to occur easily. In these flowers, the anthers and

Question 5

Define cleistogamous flowers with an example.

Accepted Answer

Cleistogamous flowers are closed flowers that never open at all throughout their lifespan. Because the floral buds remain tightly closed, cross-pollination is completely precluded, and only strict self-pollination occurs as anthers dehisce inside the closed flower to shed pollen directly onto the st

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants