Q: Explain the formation of Magnesium Chloride ($\text{MgCl}2$) by the transfer of electrons. State two general physical properties of ionic compounds.

Formation of Magnesium Chloride ($\text{MgCl}2$): Magnesium atom: Atomic number = 12 Electronic configuration = 2, 8, 2 To achieve a stable octet, it loses 2 valence electrons to form a magnesium cation ($\text{Mg}^{2+}$): $$\text{Mg} \rightarrow \text{Mg}^{2+} + 2e^-$$ Chlorine atom: Atomic number

Question 1

What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples. Write balanced chemical equations showing the reaction of aluminium oxide ($Al2O3$) with both hydrochloric acid ($HCl$) and sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$).

Accepted Answer

Metal oxides that react with both acids as well as bases to produce salt and water are known as amphoteric oxides. These oxides display both acidic and basic behaviors depending on the reacting substance. Two common examples of amphoteric oxides are aluminium oxide ($Al2O3$) and zinc oxide ($ZnO$).

Question 2

Show the formation of magnesium chloride ($MgCl2$) by the transfer of electrons between magnesium and chlorine atoms. Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Formation of Magnesium Chloride ($MgCl2$): Magnesium ($Mg$) has an atomic number of 12 and an electronic configuration of 2, 8, 2. It loses 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming a magnesium cation ($Mg^{2+}$): $$Mg \rightarrow Mg^{2+} + 2e^-$$ Chlorine ($Cl$) has an atomic number of

Question 3

Differentiate between Roasting and Calcination with suitable chemical equations. In which step of metallurgy are these processes used?

Accepted Answer

Roasting and calcination are pyrometallurgical operations used to convert concentrated ores into metal oxides during the extraction of moderately reactive metals. Roasting: It is the process of heating a concentrated ore strongly in the presence of excess air below its melting point. It is used for

Question 4

What are amphoteric oxides? Identify two amphoteric oxides from the following list: $	ext{Na}2	ext{O}$, $	ext{Al}2	ext{O}3$, $	ext{CaO}$, $	ext{ZnO}$. Write balanced chemical equations showing t

Accepted Answer

Definition of Amphoteric Oxides: Amphoteric oxides are metal oxides that react with both acids as well as bases to produce salt and water. They demonstrate both acidic and basic chemical behavior depending on the reacting substance. Identification: From the given options, the two amphoteric oxides a

Question 5

Explain the formation of Magnesium Chloride ($	ext{MgCl}2$) by the transfer of electrons. State two general physical properties of ionic compounds.

Accepted Answer

Formation of Magnesium Chloride ($	ext{MgCl}2$): Magnesium atom: Atomic number = 12 Electronic configuration = 2, 8, 2 To achieve a stable octet, it loses 2 valence electrons to form a magnesium cation ($	ext{Mg}^{2+}$): $$	ext{Mg} ightarrow 	ext{Mg}^{2+} + 2e^-$$ Chlorine atom: Atomic number

Metals and Non-metals