Question 1

Write the chemical reaction for the carbylamine test.

Accepted Answer

The carbylamine test is a specific chemical test used to identify primary amines, both aliphatic and aromatic. When a primary amine is heated with chloroform and alcoholic potassium hydroxide, an offensive smelling substance called isocyanide or carbylamine is formed. The reaction equation is repres

Question 2

Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Aromatic primary amines cannot be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis because aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution with the potassium phthalimide anion under ordinary laboratory conditions. The carbon-halogen bond in aryl halides possesses a partial double bond character due t

Question 3

What is Hinsberg's reagent and what is its use?

Accepted Answer

Hinsberg's reagent is benzene sulphonyl chloride ($C6H5SO2Cl$). Its primary application in organic chemistry is in the separation and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Primary amines react with it to form an N-substituted sulphonamide which is soluble in alkali. Secondary am

Question 4

What is diazotization reaction? Give equation.

Accepted Answer

Diazotization is the chemical process of converting an aromatic primary amine into a diazonium salt by treating it with nitrous acid at low temperatures ranging from 273 to 278 Kelvin. Nitrous acid is generated in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite with hydrochloric acid. The chemical equation f

Question 5

Why is aniline acetylated before carrying out nitration?

Accepted Answer

Aniline is acetylated prior to nitration because the amino group in aniline is strongly activating and ortho/para-directing, which makes direct nitration produce a complex mixture of tarry oxidation products along with poly-nitro derivatives in vigorous reactions. Acetylation with acetic anhydride p

Amines