Question 1

Which of the following levels of organization is the basic unit of ecology?

Accepted Answer

Organism is the fundamental unit of ecology. Ecology at the organismic level is essentially physiological ecology which tries to understand how different organisms are adapted to their environments in terms of survival and reproduction.

Question 2

Homeostasis refers to:

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a constant internal environment despite varying external environmental conditions. Organisms try to maintain the constancy of their internal environment (homeostasis) despite varying external environmental conditions that tend to upset its normal functioning.

Question 3

Which of the following animals is a conformer?

Accepted Answer

Most animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment. Their body temperature or osmotic concentration changes with the ambient temperature or concentration. These are called conformers.

Question 4

The process of migration in birds is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Migration is the temporary movement of organisms from a stressful habitat to a more hospitable area and return when the stressful period is over, such as birds undertaking long-distance migrations during winter.

Question 5

Bears escape winter by undergoing:

Accepted Answer

Hibernation is a method of suspension used by animals like bears to escape winter time by reducing their metabolic activity and sleeping through the cold period.

Organisms and Populations — NCERT Class 12 Biology Important Questions & Revision Notes