Introduction to Graphs

• Basic Concepts

  • Point on a Plane
    • Represented by coordinates $(x, y)$
  • Cartesian System
    • X-axis (Horizontal line)
    • Y-axis (Vertical line)
    • Origin $(0, 0)$
  • Coordinates
    • Abscissa ($X$-coordinate)
    • Ordinate ($Y$-coordinate)

• Types of Graphs

  • Pictograph
    • Uses pictures to represent data
  • Bar Graph
    • Uses bars to compare categories
  • Pie Chart
    • Circle divided into sectors for proportions
  • Histogram
    • Bar graph for continuous class intervals
  • Line Graph
    • Displays data that changes continuously over time
  • Linear Graph
    • A line graph that is a whole unbroken line

• Reading and Interpreting Graphs

  • Locating points using coordinates
  • Understanding scales on axes
  • Finding trends and relationships
  • Solving word problems using graph data

• Applications and Examples

  • Time and Distance Graphs
    • Uniform speed representation
  • Interest Calculation
    • Simple and Compound interest over time
  • Perimeter/Area vs Side length
    • Non-linear relationships