Control and Coordination Mind Map

ЁЯПл MP BoardClass 10Science
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Visual Mind Map & Concept Tree (English)

Structured concept hierarchy, subtopic relationships, and exam revision tree.

Chapter: Control and Coordination

  • Introduction

    • Need for Control and Coordination
    • Multicellular Organisms requirement
    • Maintenance of Homeostasis

  • Control and Coordination in Animals

    • Nervous System
      • Neurons (Structural & functional unit)
        • Structure: Dendrites, Cell Body, Axon, Synapse
      • Reflex Action
        • Pathway: Reflex Arc
        • Receptor $\rightarrow$ Sensory Neuron $\rightarrow$ Spinal Cord $\rightarrow$ Motor Neuron $\rightarrow$ Effector
      • Human Nervous System
        • Central Nervous System (CNS)
          • Brain
            • Forebrain (Thinking, voluntary actions, sensory processing)
            • Midbrain (Involuntary reflexes)
            • Hindbrain (Cerebellum, Pons, Medulla Oblongata)
          • Spinal Cord
        • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
          • Cranial Nerves (from brain)
          • Spinal Nerves (from spinal cord)
        • Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) (Involuntary organ control)
    • Chemical Coordination (Endocrine System)
      • Hormones (Chemical messengers)
      • Major Endocrine Glands & Functions:
        • Hypothalamus (Releasing hormones)
        • Pituitary Gland (Master gland, Growth hormone)
        • Thyroid Gland (Thyroxine - metabolism)
        • Adrenal Gland (Adrenaline - fight or flight)
        • Pancreas (Insulin & Glucagon - blood sugar)
        • Testes (Testosterone - male sex hormone)
        • Ovaries (Estrogen & Progesterone - female sex hormones)
      • Feedback Mechanism (Regulation of hormone timing and amount)

  • Coordination in Plants

    • Independent of muscles and nerves
    • Nastic Movements
      • Non-directional movements
      • Example: Thigmonasty in Mimosa pudica (touch-me-not plant)
    • Tropic Movements
      • Directional growth movements
      • Phototropism (Response to light)
      • Geotropism (Response to gravity)
      • Hydrotropism (Response to water)
      • Chemotropism (Response to chemicals, e.g., pollen tube growth)
    • Plant Hormones (Phytohormones)
      • Auxin (Cell elongation, phototropism)
      • Gibberellins (Stem elongation, seed germination)
      • Cytokinins (Cell division)
      • Abscisic Acid (Inhibits growth, wilting of leaves/stress hormone)