Question 1

Zeroth law of thermodynamics forms the basis for the measurement of which physical quantity?

Accepted Answer

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This defines the concept of temperature.

Question 2

The First Law of Thermodynamics is a restatement of which fundamental conservation law?

Accepted Answer

The First Law of Thermodynamics ($\Delta Q = \Delta U + W$) expresses that heat energy given to a system is converted into change in internal energy and work done, which is a statement of the Law of Conservation of Energy.

Question 3

In an isothermal process, which thermodynamic parameter of an ideal gas remains constant?

Accepted Answer

An isothermal process is a thermodynamic process in which the temperature ($T$) of the system remains constant throughout the process ($\Delta T = 0$).

Question 4

During an adiabatic process, there is no exchange of heat between the system and surroundings. Therefore, which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

In an adiabatic process, $\Delta Q = 0$, meaning no heat enters or leaves the system.

Question 5

What is Mayer's relation connecting principal molar heat capacities $Cp$ and $Cv$ for an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

Mayer's relation for an ideal gas is given by $Cp - Cv = R$, where $R$ is the universal gas constant.

Thermodynamics — CBSE Class 11 Physics Important Questions & Revision Notes