Question 1

When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India from South Africa?

Accepted Answer

Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in January 1915. He had gone to South Africa to practice law and led a successful satyagraha movement against the racist regime there, which shaped his future political strategies in India.

Question 2

Which act gave the British government enormous powers to repress political activities and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years?

Accepted Answer

The Rowlatt Act, passed hastily through the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919, gave the British government enormous powers to repress political activities and allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.

Question 3

When did the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?

Accepted Answer

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919. General Dyer blocked the exit points of the enclosed ground and opened fire on a peaceful gathering, killing hundreds of innocent people.

Question 4

Who were the leaders of the Khilafat Committee formed in Bombay in March 1919?

Accepted Answer

The Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919 by the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, along with other Muslim leaders, to defend the temporal powers of the Ottoman Khalifa.

Question 5

In which book did Mahatma Gandhi declare that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians and survived only because of this cooperation?

Accepted Answer

Mahatma Gandhi declared this in his famous 1909 book 'Hind Swaraj'. He argued that if Indians refused to cooperate, British rule in India would collapse within a year, and swaraj would come.

History: Nationalism in India — CBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions & Revision Notes