MP Board · Class 9 · Science · Improvement in Food ResourcesSolve the numerical problem in Part A and answer the theoretical question in Part B regarding Poultry Farming: Part A (Numerical):\nA poultry farmer manages a flock of $400$ layers (egg-laying birds). Each layer consumes $120\text{ g}$ of commercial layer feed per day. The cost of feed is ₹$35$ per kg. Calculate the total mass of feed (in kg) consumed by the entire flock in one day. If the egg production rate of the flock is $85\%$ (i.e., $85$ eggs per $100$ layers per day) and eggs are sold at ₹$7$ per egg, calculate: Total number of eggs produced daily. Daily gross revenue from egg sales (in ₹). Daily feed cost (in ₹). Net daily profit earned from egg production (in ₹). Part B (Theoretical): Differentiate between Broilers and Layers based on their primary purpose, nutritional requirements, and housing conditions. Outline four essential management practices required to maintain high yield and prevent disease outbreaks in poultry production.
Step-by-Step Solution
Part A: Numerical Solution
1. Daily Feed Consumption:
- Number of layers = $400$
- Feed per layer per day = $120\text{ g} = \frac{120}{1000}\text{ kg} = 0.12\text{ kg}$
- $\text{Total daily feed} = 400 \times 0.12\text{ kg} = 48\text{ kg}$
2. Revenue, Feed Cost, and Profit Calculation:
- Egg Production: $$\text{Total eggs per day} = \left(\frac{85}{100}\right) \times 400 = 340\text{ eggs}$$
- Gross Daily Revenue: $$\text{Revenue} = 340\text{ eggs} \times \text{₹ }7 = \text{₹ }2,380$$
- Daily Feed Cost: $$\text{Feed Cost} = 48\text{ kg} \times \text{₹ }35 = \text{₹ }1,680$$
- Net Daily Profit: $$\text{Net Profit} = \text{Gross Revenue} - \text{Feed Cost} = \text{₹ }2,380 - \text{₹ }1,680 = \text{₹ }700$$
Part B: Theoretical Answer
1. Difference Between Broilers and Layers
| Parameter | Broilers (मांस हेतु मुर्गियाँ) | Layers (अंडा देने वाली मुर्गियाँ) |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Purpose | Raised specifically for meat production. | Raised specifically for egg production. |
| Nutritional Needs | Feed is rich in proteins and adequate fats with high Vitamin A and K to promote rapid growth. | Feed requires balanced proteins, vitamins, and high calcium & phosphorus for eggshell formation. |
| Growth & Age Period | Grown rapidly for 6–8 weeks before being sent for meat. | Grown up to 20 weeks before laying eggs; egg production continues for 50–70 weeks. |
| Housing & Care | Require controlled growth conditions, lower mortality care, and space management for rapid weight gain. | Require strict light management (photoperiod), temperature control, and proper nesting boxes. |
2. Key Poultry Management Practices
- Sanitation and Hygiene: Poultry sheds must be cleaned, disinfected, and sprayed with insecticides regularly to clear pathogens, ectoparasites, and fungal growth.
- Temperature and Environmental Control: Proper ventilation, adequate light exposure, and optimal moisture control within the shed prevent thermal stress and respiratory diseases.
- Vaccination: Routine biological vaccination schedule must be strictly followed to protect birds against viral and bacterial diseases such as Ranikhet (Newcastle disease), Fowl Pox, and Infectious Bursal Disease.
- Nutritional & Water Hygiene: Providing fresh, uncontaminated drinking water and mold-free, balanced feed prevents gastrointestinal infections and metabolic disorders.
💡 Study Guide: This question tests core syllabus concepts from Improvement in Food Resources. For formulas, key summaries, and mock exam reference guides, read the full Improvement in Food Resources Revision Notes.